Persistence of Ventrolateral Splanchnic Longitudinal Channels

The coeliac trunk is the branch of the abdominal aorta at the level of the twelfth thoracic vertebra. Its branches namely left gastric, common hepatic and splenic arteries supply the primary organs of the supracolic abdominal compartment namely the stomach, pancreas, spleen and liver. In this article, we report case series of three cases in male cadavers aged 65yrs, 60yrs and 70yrs respectively in the Department of Anatomy, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences and MVJ Medical College and Research Institute wherein we discovered that the branching pattern of the coeliac trunk varied from the usual pattern, thus the specimens were photographed to understand further. The observation of first case, common trunk from abdominal aorta showed common hepatic and superior mesenteric artery and left gastric and splenic artery aroused as another common trunk from abdominal aorta. The second case showed the superior mesenteric artery arising from coeliac trunk and the third case was observed the inferior phrenic arteries were arising from coeliac trunk. Knowledge of this variable anatomy may be useful in planning and executing surgical or radiological interventions.

The Morphometric Study Of Anterior Cruciate Ligament: A Cadaveric Study

Introduction: The anterior cruciate ligament is frequently injured ligament of the knee. It divides into anteromedialand posterolateral budles attached into tibia and femur. This study aimed to measure the length and width of twobundles of ACL separately to observe the morphormetrical difference. Since single or double bundle ACLreconstructive surgical procedure are commonly used by orthopaedic surgeon, our study may help them inhamstring or tendon graft procedures.Material and Methods: The Cadaveric study was conducted in the department of Anatomy at Pondicherry instituteof Medical sciences, Pondicherry from December 2015 – May 2016. Randomly selected thirty cadaveric wasincluded for the study and knees with ACL tear; macroscopic degenerative changes or any evidence of trauma wasexcluded from the study. The data was presented as frequencies and proportions, mean and standard deviations.Statistical significance (p value) was considered at 0.05 levels.Results: There was a statistically significant increase in transverse diameter. We observed P value of transversediameter of anteromedial bundle at tibial attchment (0.01) and (0.05) in anteroposterior diameter of posterolateralat tibial and in middle (0.04) showed a statistically significant increase in transverse diameter.Conclusion: ACL tears are managed surgically by a double bundle or single bundle ACL reconstruction technique.Recently, the anatomic double bundle ACL reconstruction has been found to be better in restoring the intact kneefunction compared to the conventional single bundle surgery when done perfectly. So our study of morphometricmeasurements of ACL can help the surgeons during accurate tendon graft procedure of anterior cruciate ligamentreconstructive surgeries.

Bilateral Absence Of Musculocutaneous Nerve: Report Of Two Cases

Anatomical variations involving the brachial plexus are not uncommon. Abnormal communications among thebranches of musculocutaneous nerve especially those involving the posterior division are widely reported dueto their significance in various surgical procedures performed in this region. During the routine gross anatomicaldissection, we observed the bilateral absence of musculocutaneous nerve in two male cadavers aged 60 and 65years and the muscles of anterior compartment of arm were innervated by the braches from the Median nerve. Incase 1, it was observed that in the right and left arm, branches from the median nerve supplied the muscles of theanterior compartment namely the coracobrachialis, biceps brachii and brachialis. The branch which innervatedthe brachialis muscle later continued as lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm. In case 2, Absence of MCN observedbilaterally wherein right arm, wherein, a single branch from median nerve supplied the coracobrachialis muscle.Another branch from the median nerve, after passing through the lower end of coracobrachialis, divided into anoblique and a vertical branch which supplied the biceps brachii and brachialis respectively. These anatomicalvariations in the course of musculocutaneous and median nerve should be considered during surgical proceduresand while performing nerve conduction studies.